Service manual
0123
HAEMONETICS CORPORATION
400 Wood Road, Braintree, MA
02184, USA
SM-CS5-01-EN(AB)
July 2015
2
Publication information
Copyright
Notice
Confidential/
Proprietary
Notices
©1994, 2005, 2012, 2015 Haemonetics Corporation
The contents of this manual are the property of the Haemonetics Corporation.
Any information or descriptions contained in this manual may not be
reproduced and released to any of the general public, or used in conjunction
with any professional instruction without written consent of Haemonetics
Corporation, USA.
Use of any portion(s) of this document to copy, translate, disassemble or
decompile, or create or attempt to create by reverse engineering (or otherwise)
the source code from the object code of Haemonetics products is expressly
prohibited.
Disclaimer This manual is intended as a guide to provide the user with necessary
instructions on the proper use and maintenance of certain Haemonetics
Corporation products. This manual should be used in conjunction with
instruction and training supplied by qualified Haemonetics personnel.
Any failure to follow the instructions as described could result in impaired
product function, injury to the user or others, or void applicable product
warranties. Haemonetics accepts no responsibility for liability resulting from
improper use or maintenance of its products.
Utilization of Haemonetics products may require the user to handle and
dispose of blood-contaminated material. Users must fully understand and
implement all regulations governing the safe handling of blood products and
waste, including the policies and procedures of their facility.
Handling and use of any blood products collected or stored using Haemonetics
equipment are subject to the decisions of the attending physician or other
qualified medical personnel. Haemonetics makes no warranty with respect to
such blood products.
Patient diagnosis is the sole responsibility of the attending physician or other
qualified medical personnel.
The screenshots appearing in this manual are provided for illustrative purposes
only and may differ from the actual software screens. All organization, donor/
patient, and user names in this manual are fictitious. Any similarity to the name
of an organization or person is unintentional.
P/N SM-CS5-01-EN, Manual revision: AB Haemonetics® Cell Saver® 5/5+ Service Manual
3
Document
Updates
Trademarks and
Patents
The document is furnished for information use only, is subject to change
without notice and should not be construed as a commitment by Haemonetics
Corporation. Haemonetics Corporation assumes no responsibility or liability for
any errors or inaccuracies that may appear in the informational content
contained in this material. For the purpose of clarity, Haemonetics Corporation
considers only the most recent version of this document to be valid.
Haemonetics®, THE Blood Management Company®, and Cell Saver® are
trademarks or registered trademarks of the Haemonetics Corporation in the
United States and/or other countries.
Other product names in this document may be trademarks of their respective
proprietors and are used for identification purposes only.
Reader comments
Any comments or suggestions regarding this publication are welcomed and
should be forwarded to the attention of:
Haemonetics Software Solutions
Corporate headquarters International headquarters
Haemonetics Corporation Haemonetics S.A.
400 Wood Road Rue des Fléchères
Braintree, MA 02184 Signy Centre
U.S.A. P.O. Box 262
Tel.: +1 781 848 7100 1274 Signy-Centre, Switzerland
Fax: +1 781 848 5106 Tel.: +41 22 363 9011
Fax: +41 22 363 9054
RxOnly Caution: USA Federal Law restricts the sale, distribution, or use of this device
to, by, or on the order of a licensed healthcare practitioner.
Haemonetics
Worldwide
Haemonetics® Cell Saver® 5/5+ Service Manual P/N SM-CS5-01-EN, Manual revision: AB
Please direct any written inquiries to the appropriate address. For a list of
worldwide office locations and contact information, visit
www.haemonetics.com/officelocations.
Table of
Contents
Publication information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2
Copyright Notice . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2
Confidential/Proprietary Notices . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2
Disclaimer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2
Document Updates . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3
Trademarks and Patents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3
RxOnly. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3
Haemonetics Worldwide . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3
Table of Contents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5
Chapter 1, Introduction
Overview. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .14
What is the purpose of this manual? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .14
Symbols . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .15
Symbols found in this document . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .15
Symbols found on the device . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .15
System overview. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .18
Additional support . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .21
Chapter 2, Principles of operation
Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .25
Safety card . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .26
Safety features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .26
Function and safety structure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .26
Theory of operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .27
Safety card state codes/interface requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .28
Safety operational sequence . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .29
Application phase . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .32
Design overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .32
Bus interface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .36
Timing and watchdog logic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .37
Code/state decoders . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .38
Safety evaluation circuits. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .39
Miscellaneous circuits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .40
Valve driver card . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .41
Function. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .41
Circuit description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .41
Pneumatic valve drivers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .45
Pneumatic compressor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .45
Haemonetics® Cell Saver® 5/5+ Service Manual P/N SM-CS5-01-EN, Manual revision: AB
6
Safety relay . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .46
Motor driver card. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .47
Function. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .47
Circuit description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .47
Bus interface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .52
Pump motor drivers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .52
Centrifuge controller and driver . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .54
Processor card . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .56
Function. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .56
Features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .56
Processor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .57
Microprocessor kernel PALS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .57
Bus interface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .58
Memory configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .58
Interrupt control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .58
Digital I/O. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .59
RS232 port . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .59
Display and keyboard . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .60
Other features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .60
Analog section . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .61
Analog multiplexer and test logic. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .62
Programmable gain amplifier. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .63
A/D converter. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .63
Hardware components . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .67
Photoelectric assembly (sensor head) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .67
Photoelectric assembly (power block) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .67
Pump motor driver and encoder feedback . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .68
High—pressure air compressor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .68
Pump platen position switch . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .69
Proximity sensor (disposable loaded sensor) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .69
Centrifuge motor stator . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .70
Load cell (waste bag weigher). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .71
Reservoir level sensor gauge . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .72
Compression load cell (clamped line detector) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .73
Air detector sensor assembly . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .74
Assembly pinch valve . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .75
Todd power supply. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .75
Condor power supply. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .77
Bowl optics — single lens (CS5 only) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .79
Bowl optics — dual lens . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .83
Line sensors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .87
Turbidity. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .87
Power-on self test (POST). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .87
Fill . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .88
Wash (70 mL bowl) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .89
Sequester . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .91
Air detector . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .94
Reservoir level sensor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .95
P/N SM-CS5-01-EN, Manual revision: AB Haemonetics® Cell Saver® 5/5+ Service Manual
Clamped line sensor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .96
CRC16 and checksum . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .97
Data acquisition card (european software only) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .98
General features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .98
Environmental . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .99
Voltage and current requirements range . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .99
Isolation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .100
Communication . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .100
Data card schematic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .101
Connectors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .101
Functional modes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .105
Thermal printer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .106
Nonthermal printer. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .107
Cable specification . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .108
Chapter 3, European setup options
Data card kit installation procedure
(optional, european software only) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .112
Required equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 112
Procedure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 112
Thermal printer installation procedure
(optional, european software only) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .121
Required equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .121
Procedure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .121
Nonthermal printer installation procedure
(optional, european software only) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .124
Required equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .124
Procedure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .124
PC installation procedure
(optional, european software only) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .126
Required equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .126
Procedure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .126
Data acquisition testing
(optional, european software only) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .127
Data transfer settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .127
7
Chapter 4, Preventive Maintenance / Calibration
Initial inspection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .137
Visual inspection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .137
Ensure initial operational integrity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .137
Record the program revision level. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .137
Preventive maintenance frequency . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .138
System cleaning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .139
Centrifuge . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .139
Disposable manifold area . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .141
Membrane panel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .141
Air sensor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .141
Haemonetics® Cell Saver® 5/5+ Service Manual P/N SM-CS5-01-EN, Manual revision: AB
8
Outside of cabinet . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .141
Equipment integrity inspection and consumables replacement . . . . . . . . .142
Electrical connections inspection. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .142
Hardware inspection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .142
220V Fuse Check . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .142
Consumables replacement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .143
Component testing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .144
Audible alarms. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .144
Setup . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .144
Power supply test — Todd power supply. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .147
Power supply test — Condor power supply . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .148
Utilities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .148
Setup procedure for optics, date/time . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .149
Pump platen sensor and disposable loaded sensor test . . . . . . . . . . . .154
Air Detector Test . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .154
Centrifuge cover function test . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .154
Screen/ keypad test. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .154
Fluid sensor test . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .157
Centrifuge test and calibration. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .157
Waste bag weigher calibration test . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .159
Waste bag weigher calibration. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .160
Reservoir level sensor calibration test. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .161
Reservoir level sensor calibration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .161
Clamped line sensor test . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .162
Clamped line sensor calibration: 230V devices only . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .163
Line sensor calibration test . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .164
Line sensor calibration. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .164
Bowl optics sensor calibration test — single beam . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .166
Bowl optics sensor calibration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .167
Internal inspection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .171
System test . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .172
Functional run test . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .174
Bowl vibration test . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .175
Pump occlusion test . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .177
Ground continuity test . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .178
Leakage current test . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .178
Preventive maintenance checklist example . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .179
Sample Service report . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .180
Chapter 5, Troubleshooting
Error messages/symptoms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .182
Display error history (US software only) — safety system error messages .200
Data downloading . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .214
Items needed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .214
Data download procedure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .214
Retrieving data (US software) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .217
Retrieving data (European software). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .218
Retrieving data to Excel format (optional) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .221
P/N SM-CS5-01-EN, Manual revision: AB Haemonetics® Cell Saver® 5/5+ Service Manual
Data interpretation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .222
Chapter 6, Disassembly
General information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .234
Handling precautions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .235
Rear panel assembly . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .236
Removing the rear panel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .236
Removing the rear fan . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .236
Front panel assembly . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .237
Disconnecting the front panel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .237
Removing the weigher load cell. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .237
Removing the weigher pivot bar . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .237
Fluid deck assembly . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .239
Removing the fluid deck cover . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .239
Disassembling the fluid deck . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .239
Disassembling the display/keypad . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .240
Disassembling the control PCB . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .241
Disassembling the display . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .242
Disassembling the backlight PCB . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .242
Disassembling the switch panel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .243
Disassembling the pinch valve . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .243
Compressor module assembly . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .245
Disassembling the compressor module. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .245
Disassembling the fluid deck PCB. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .245
Disassembling the three-valve manifold . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .246
Disassembling the pneumatics PCB final assembly . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .246
Disassembling the compressor assembly . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .247
Pump rotor assembly . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .248
Removing the pump rotor from the fluid deck . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .248
Disassembling the pump platen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .248
Pump motor assembly . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .249
Disassembling the pump motor assembly. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .249
Assembling the pump motor assembly . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .249
Air detector assembly . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .251
Platen position switch assembly . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .252
Disassembling the platen position switch assembly . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .252
Assembling the platen position switch assembly. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .252
Disposable loaded sensor and proximity sensor assemblies . . . . . . . . . . .253
Disassembling the disposable loaded sensor assembly . . . . . . . . . . . .253
Proximity sensor assembly . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .253
Anvil door and anvil door lever assembly . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .254
Disassembling the anvil door. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .254
Disassembling the anvil door lever assembly . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .254
Clamped line sensor, line sensor, and fluid sensor assemblies . . . . . . . . .255
Disassembling the clamped line sensor assembly . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .255
Disassembling the line sensor assembly. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .255
Disassembling the fluid sensor assembly . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .255
Power supply . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .256
9
Haemonetics® Cell Saver® 5/5+ Service Manual P/N SM-CS5-01-EN, Manual revision: AB
10
Disassembling the power supply assembly. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .256
Assembling the power supply assembly . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .256
Power entry module . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .257
Removing the power entry module . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .257
Assembling the power entry module . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .257
Removing the fuse. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .257
Optics module assembly. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .258
Disassembling the photoelectric assembly . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .258
Line filter (if equipped) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .259
Disassembling the line filter. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .259
Assembling the line filter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .259
AC power On/Off switch . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .260
Disassembling the AC power On/Off switch . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .260
Assembling the AC power On/Off switch . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .260
Centrifuge assembly . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .262
Ordering the correct hinge. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .262
Disassembling the centrifuge cover. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .263
Disassembling the centrifuge . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .263
Mechanical chuck centrifuge motor removal and cleaning . . . . . . . . . .263
Single lens optics assembly . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .271
Dual lens optics assembly . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .271
Disassembling the fluid sensor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .273
Centrifuge arm. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .273
IV pole assembly . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .276
Telescoping IV pole modification . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .276
Removing the existing (non-telescoping) IV pole . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .276
Removing the existing (telescoping) IV pole . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .280
Installing the new IV pole. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .281
Assembling the outer reservoir assembly . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .284
Reservoir load cell and harness . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .289
Reassembling the old style IV pole (non-telescoping). . . . . . . . . . . . . .290
Reassembling the new style IV pole (telescoping) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .291
Installing the load cell and harness . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .292
Card cage assembly . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .298
Disassembling the motor driver card . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .298
Disassembling the safety card. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .298
Disassembling the valve driver card . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .298
Disassembling the processor card . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .299
Disassembling the backplane PCB assembly . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .299
Appendix A, Parts listing
Display/keyboard assembly and overlays. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .302
Top deck assembly, spring plunger, IV pole knobs. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .304
Fluid deck assemblies, cabinet sub assemblies, centrifuge header arm, and
drain tube assembly . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .305
Fluid deck assemblies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .305
Cabinet sub-assemblies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .306
Centrifuge and drain tube assemblies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .307
P/N SM-CS5-01-EN, Manual revision: AB Haemonetics® Cell Saver® 5/5+ Service Manual
11
IV pole upgrade kit and old style assembly . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .309
Panels, card cages, cables, and power cord assemblies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 311
Centrifuge cover and fluid deck assemblies, cover lock upgrade kits, and mis-
cellaneous centrifuge cover and drain parts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .313
Gray card, fixture, and socket parts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .315
Miscellaneous parts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .316
Cart assemblies. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .316
Operation manuals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .317
Miscellaneous . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .317
Data Card (230V machine) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .318
Appendix B, Schematics
CS5/CS5+ elect system diagram, 37468 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .320
Cell Saver 5/5+ pneumatic schematic (mechanical chuck) , 47568 . . . . . .321
Deck distribution board, 34436 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .322
Advanced backplane, 49485 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .323
Haemonetics® Cell Saver® 5/5+ Service Manual P/N SM-CS5-01-EN, Manual revision: AB
Chapter 1
Introduction
Overview. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .14
What is the purpose of this manual? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .14
Symbols . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .15
Symbols found in this document . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .15
Symbols found on the device . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .15
System overview. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .18
Additional support . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .21
Haemonetics® Cell Saver® 5/5+ Service Manual P/N SM-CS5-01-EN, Manual revision: AB
14 Introduction
Overview
What is the
purpose of this
manual?
This service manual provides detailed information for the installation and
maintenance of the Haemonetics® Cell Saver® 5 Autologous Blood Recovery
System.
The manual includes the following:
Detailed descriptions of the device and all components
How to troubleshoot and repair any difficulties
How to properly maintain the device
Use this manual in conjunction with training supplied by qualified Haemonetics
personnel.
This manual covers device list numbers
02005-110
02005-110-EP
02005-110-EPJ
02005-220-E
02005-220-EP
P/N SM-CS5-01-EN, Manual revision: AB Haemonetics® Cell Saver® 5/5+ Service Manual
Introduction 15
Symbols
Symbols found
in this
document
Symbols found
on the device
The terms Note, Caution, and Warning are used in this manual, with the
following symbols, to emphasize certain details for the operator:
Note: Provides useful information regarding a procedure or operating
technique when using Haemonetics material.
Caution: Advises the operator against initiating an action or creating a situation which could result in damage to equipment, or impair the quality of the
blood products; personal injury is unlikely.
Warning: Advises the operator against initiating an action or creating a
situation which could result in serious personal injury to the donor, the
operator, or the blood product recipient.
The following symbols may be found on the device or device packaging:
Attention
Consult accompanying documents.
Type CF
Type CF applied part provides a particular degree of protection
against electric shock; particularly regarding allowable—leak-
age current and reliability—of—the—protective—earth connection.
Electrical and electronic equipment waste (applies to EU
only)
Dispose of the device using a separate collection method (according to EU and local regulation for waste electrical and
electronic equipment).
IPX1
Haemonetics® Cell Saver® 5/5+ Service Manual P/N SM-CS5-01-EN, Manual revision: AB
Protection against ingress vertically dripping water
Indicates that the enclosure of the device is designed to be
drip-proof, providing a higher-than-ordinary protection level
from drips, leaks, and spills.
Manufacturer
Alternating Current
16 Introduction
Fuse
Equipotentiality
Identifies the terminals, which, when connected together,
brings various parts of a system to the same potential.
Authorized representative in the European Community
Rx only (applies to USA only)
Federal (USA) law restricts the sale of the device to be included by or on the order of a physician, only.
Serial number
Catalog number
0123
ETL
Laser radiation
Shock hazard
CE Mark
General symbol for recovery/recyclable
To indicate that a material is part of a recovery/recycling process.
Note: Applicable only to those products or materials for which,
at the end of life, there is a well-defined collection route and re-
P/N SM-CS5-01-EN, Manual revision: AB Haemonetics® Cell Saver® 5/5+ Service Manual
Introduction 17
cycling process, and which does not significantly impair the effectiveness of other recycling schemes.
250 mmHg
Maximum vacuum
Pollution control mark
Pollution control mark for products containing any of the six referenced substances (Lead, Mercury, Cadmium, and so on) according to new Chinese regulations.
Storage conditions, humidity level
Storage conditions, temperature level
Storage conditions, keep dry
Fragile, handle with care
This end up
Read the instruction manual
Haemonetics® Cell Saver® 5/5+ Service Manual P/N SM-CS5-01-EN, Manual revision: AB
18 Introduction
System overview
All Haemonetics Cell Saver® Autologous Blood Recovery Systems process
whole blood salvaged from the surgical field so that it may be reinfused to the
patient. Inside a spinning processing chamber (bowl) red blood cells (RBCs)
are separated from other blood components, such as platelets and plasma,
and from debris suctioned from the surgical site. The separated RBC are then
washed with saline solution. The washed, packed RBC may then be reinfused
to the patient. The Cell Saver 5/5+ can also collect platelet rich plasma (PRP)
before surgery.
The Cell Saver 5/5+ represents the fifth generation of Cell Saver 5/5+
Autologous Blood Collection Systems from Haemonetics. The CS5/CS5+
provides the highest level of automation available in a blood salvage system.
The design goal of the CS5/CS5+ was to produce a system that would rapidly
process a large volume of salvaged blood while keeping operation simple.
Great attention was given to keeping the control panel simple while providing
the operator with constant feedback on the operation of the device.
The control—panel displays only the keys that are available to the operator.
Manual operation keys are not visible in the automatic mode.
The tubing harness uses a manifold, so that the disposable setup is faster and
easier, while the possibility of improperly installing the tubing into the valves is
eliminated. The processing chamber, a Latham bowl, is held in place with a
mechanical chuck, making installation faster and easier. The top portion of the
bowl is visible, so that the operator can monitor blood separation.
The Cell Saver 5/5+ system consists of two parts: a device and a single-use
disposable set.
P/N SM-CS5-01-EN, Manual revision: AB Haemonetics® Cell Saver® 5/5+ Service Manual
Introduction 19
The major device components are identified in Figure 1.
Reservoir holder
with level sensor
Pigtails for saline,
anticoagulant and
Control panel
Fluid deck (with
valves, air detectors,
and pump)
reinfusion bags
Centrifuge
(with bowl optics
and fluid sensors)
Cover lock
Effluent-line sensor
Waste-bag
weigher hooks
Figure 1, Haemonetics® Cell Saver® 5+ Autologous Blood Recovery System
The centrifuge holds the disposable bowl in place and spins it at high
speed. Inside the bowl, red blood cells (RBCs) are separated from other
blood components, debris, and saline.
Bowl optics monitor the spinning bowl to determine the appropriate
moment to initiate certain actions such as cell washing.
Valves control the fluid pathway of the disposable tubing set.
A pump moves fluids through the tubing set. Salvaged whole blood is
brought from the reservoir into the bowl for processing. Saline wash
solution is brought from the saline bags on the IV pole to the bowl to wash
RBCs. The final product, washed packed RBCs, is pumped to a reinfusion
bag.
Haemonetics® Cell Saver® 5/5+ Service Manual P/N SM-CS5-01-EN, Manual revision: AB
20 Introduction
An effluent line sensor monitors the line from the bowl to the waste bag
to ensure that a minimum of RBC are lost and that the Wash mode is
complete.
A waste bag weigher alerts the operator when the waste bag is full.
Figure 2 identifies major disposable set components:
HAEMONETICS
IOOO
9OO
8OO
7OO
6OO
5OO
4OO
Reinfusion bag
3OO
Saline (yellow) line
2OO
IOO
MILLILITERS
(APPROXIMATE)
DO NOT USE WITH PRESSURE CUFF
To reservoir
To saline bags
Reinfusion (blue) line
Reservoir (red) line
Centrifuge bowl
Tubing manifold
10
9
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
Waste bag
Figure 2, Cell Saver 5/5+ disposable set
The bowl is the main disposable component. Inside the spinning bowl,
RBCs are separated from other blood components and from debris that
may have been collected along with the whole blood. The 70 ml bowl is
the blow—molded—bowl design (not shown).
A tubing manifold is installed into a keyed slot on the CS5/CS5+ deck.
The keyed slot ensures that the tubing lines are installed in the
appropriate valves. There are three lines and three corresponding valves.
(The red line leads to the reservoir, the yellow line leads to the saline
bags, and the blue line leads to the reinfusion bag.)
A waste bag holds the supernatant and waste fluids, which flow out of the
spinning bowl as the red blood cells (RBCs) are washed.
A reservoir (not shown) stores whole blood and saline, which are
collected from the surgical field. The reservoir has a gross filter, which
removes large debris. The red line of the CS5/CS5+ disposable set
attaches to the reservoir.
Two saline bags (not shown) are connected to the bag spikes on the
yellow saline line.
A reinfusion bag is connected to the blue reinfusion line. After they are
processed, washed red blood cells suspended in saline are sent to this
bag.
P/N SM-CS5-01-EN, Manual revision: AB Haemonetics® Cell Saver® 5/5+ Service Manual
Introduction 21
Additional support
Many factors affect the performance of blood processing instruments, including
the functional integrity of the device, the consistency of the disposable set, and
the quality of blood salvaged.
This manual attempts to anticipate any service needs of the Cell Saver 5/5+. If
this manual does not answer your questions, call the Haemonetics Customer
Care Center at (800) 537-2802. For locations outside the U.S., contact the
Haemonetics local office.
See “Haemonetics Worldwide” on page 3 for a list of local offices.
Haemonetics® Cell Saver® 5/5+ Service Manual P/N SM-CS5-01-EN, Manual revision: AB
Chapter 2
Principles of operation
Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .25
Safety card . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .26
Safety features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .26
Function and safety structure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .26
Theory of operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .27
Safety card state codes/interface requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .28
Safety operational sequence . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .29
Application phase . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .32
Design overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .32
Bus interface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .36
Timing and watchdog logic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .37
Code/state decoders . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .38
Safety evaluation circuits. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .39
Miscellaneous circuits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .40
Valve driver card . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .41
Function. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .41
Circuit description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .41
Pneumatic valve drivers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .45
Pneumatic compressor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .45
Safety relay . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .46
Motor driver card. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .47
Function. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .47
Circuit description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .47
Bus interface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .52
Pump motor drivers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .52
Centrifuge controller and driver . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .54
Processor card . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .56
Function. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .56
Features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .56
Processor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .57
Microprocessor kernel PALS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .57
Bus interface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .58
Memory configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .58
Interrupt control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .58
Digital I/O. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .59
RS232 port . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .59
Display and keyboard . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .60
Haemonetics® Cell Saver® 5/5+ Service Manual P/N SM-CS5-01-EN, Manual revision: AB
24 Principles of operation
Other features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .60
Analog section . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .61
Analog multiplexer and test logic. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .62
Programmable gain amplifier. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .63
A/D converter. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .63
Hardware components . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .67
Photoelectric assembly (sensor head) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .67
Photoelectric assembly (power block) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .67
Pump motor driver and encoder feedback . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .68
High—pressure air compressor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .68
Pump platen position switch . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .69
Proximity sensor (disposable loaded sensor) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .69
Centrifuge motor stator . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .70
Load cell (waste bag weigher). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .71
Reservoir level sensor gauge . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .72
Compression load cell (clamped line detector) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .73
Air detector sensor assembly . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .74
Assembly pinch valve . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .75
Todd power supply. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .75
Condor power supply. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .77
Bowl optics — single lens (CS5 only) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .79
Bowl optics — dual lens . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .83
Line sensors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .87
Turbidity. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .87
Power-on self test (POST). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .87
Fill . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .88
Wash (70 mL bowl) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .89
Sequester . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .91
Air detector . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .94
Reservoir level sensor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .95
Clamped line sensor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .96
CRC16 and checksum . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .97
Data acquisition card (european software only) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .98
General features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .98
Environmental . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .99
Voltage and current requirements range . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .99
Isolation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .100
Communication . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .100
Data card schematic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .101
Connectors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .101
Functional modes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .105
Thermal printer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .106
Nonthermal printer. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .107
Cable specification . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .108
P/N SM-CS5-01-EN, Manual revision: AB Haemonetics® Cell Saver® 5/5+ Service Manual
Principles of operation 25
Introduction
CS5/CS5+ devices manufactured after approximately October 2000 no longer
utilize the backplane PCB (P/N 36728-00) with the personality PCB (P/N
37253-00). These PCBs are combined in the new backplane PCB (P/N 49488-
00). The CS5/CS5+Service Manual chapters (Chapter 2, «Principles of
operation», Chapter 5, «Troubleshooting»; and Chapter 6, «Disassembly»)
assume this newer configuration of the backplane PCB (P/N 49488-00). For
guidance on operation, troubleshooting, or disassembly of the older versions
of PCBs, refer to prior revisions of the CS5 Service Manual or contact the
Haemonetics Customer Care Center.
Haemonetics® Cell Saver® 5/5+ Service Manual P/N SM-CS5-01-EN, Manual revision: AB
26 Principles of operation
Safety card
Safety features The following safety features are designed into the Cell Saver® 5:
Electrical safety
IEC 601-1:1988 medical equipment requirements for safety
EN 601-1-2:1993 EMC compliance
Logic supply over/under voltage
Overspeed limit for centrifuge
Mechanical safety
Centrifuge/pump construction
Interlocks
Cabinet design
Protection from over/under pressure
Pump agreement (direction/speed) with device state
Function and
safety structure
Motor driver—fault detection
Continual checking of CPU status and motor/valve feedback in order
to confirm device state
The safety card addresses all aspects of pump agreement with device state
and several aspects of electrical and mechanical safety.
The following is an outline of the function and safety structure employed by the
CS5/CS5+:
A single microprocessor (μP) has control tasks for the function of the
system.
The safety system consists of an independent, hardware safety board —
CS5/CS5+ safety card.
The μP performs a self-test during T1-test (RAM, ROM, registers and
safety I/O) to verify its functionality.
The safety system is tested by the μP, before every procedure, to see
whether it can fulfill its tasks in the correct manner.
The μP and safety card read the same input signals.
The μP sends test codes to the safety card; if any disagreement occurs,
the safety card sends an error message to the μP.
Both the μP and the safety card are able to stop the function of the system
by independent shutdown paths (de-energizing motor and valves) and
initiate acoustical alarms (unsafe equipment state).
When the μP T1 and safety card tests are completed the CS5/CS5+ is
considered a one-channel system (single fault analysis).
P/N SM-CS5-01-EN, Manual revision: AB Haemonetics® Cell Saver® 5/5+ Service Manual
Principles of operation 27
Theory of
operation
The safety card is a system that accepts direct CPU information as to the
device state; it independently verifies this state via a pump encoder and valve
feedback; it tests all appropriate sensor-safety limits, as defined for this state;
and if a fault condition is detected, it removes power from both pumps and
valves. Further, whenever a fault condition exists, an audible alarm is sounded
and information, as to its cause, is latched and made available to the CPU for
diagnostic purposes.
For a better understanding of how the safety card is integrated and used within
the CS5/CS5+, refer to the block diagram in Figure 3.
First, note that the upper relay, known as the safety or K1, controls the power
applied to both the valves and pumps. This relay will be opened whenever a
critical fault condition is indicated by the CPU or safety card.
The output contact of K1 is sensed and the on/off status is readable by the
CPU. At power-up and at the start of each procedure, this relay is tested by the
CPU.
The second relay is known as the pump or K2 relay and it controls the power
applied to the pumps. The safety card has exclusive control over it. The status
of this relay is also sensed and made available to both the CPU and the safety
card.
K1 and K2 will be opened whenever a safety fault is encountered by the safety
card.
est
Signals
Sensors
K2 is opened/closed for each safety card test executed at the beginning of a
procedure or when a standby (Manual/Stop) mode is required.
Fault
Summer
Drv
CPU
Relay Feedback
Drv
+28v
+
–
Safety/
Master Relay
K1
Valve
Power
Safety
+
–
Pump Relay
K2
Pump
Power
Isolated
Outputs
Card
Sensor
Relay Feedback
Figure 3, Safety card functional block diagram
Haemonetics® Cell Saver® 5/5+ Service Manual P/N SM-CS5-01-EN, Manual revision: AB
28 Principles of operation
Safety card
state codes/
interface
requirements
Input register
The sole input port, for the safety card, is an 8-bit register (supporting read
back), which accepts state/test codes from the CPU. These codes are used by
the safety card in order to verify the device state as indicated by independent
sensors.
Whenever a new, device state (determined by valve and pump operation) is
called for, a code, representing this state, must be issued by the CPU.
This code is written to the safety card before the actual change of device state
is executed. This allows the safety card to distinguish between a normal state
advance and a state fault condition.
Data format
The 8-bit data information is partitioned into two fields. The first field consists
of 5 bits (D0 through D4) and is dedicated to command/state information. (Each
code possesses a minimum Hamming Distance of two.) The second field,
formed by the remaining bits (D5 through D7), is used to provide test signals.
A description of each field is given in Table 1.
Note: In order for the safety card to recognize the correct pump activity when
transitioning from one state to another, it will be necessary to transition through
the Pause or Standby state first (i.e., change code, because re-issued codes
are not recognized).
Table 1, Test code field
D7 D6 D5 Test
identifier
0 0 0 Nul No testing
0 1 0 State test Normally during the test phase
1 0 0 Beeper test To avoid annoying beeps during
1 1 0 Time base test Intended to be used to simulate a
Test description
generation of a state fault is
inhibited (replaced by a motormovement fault). This code is
used as an override to ensure
that a state fault can open the
pump relay.
test, the beeper is disabled. This
code allows a test beep and is
required in order to enter the
application phase.
safety card clock failure, it also
aids (reduces the time required)
to synchronize the watchdog
signal.
P/N SM-CS5-01-EN, Manual revision: AB Haemonetics® Cell Saver® 5/5+ Service Manual
Principles of operation 29
Table 1, Test code field (Continued)
Safety
operational
sequence
D7 D6 D5 Test
identifier
0 0 1 Spare test Reserved for interlock application
0 1 1 Not used
1 1 1 Not used
1 0 1 Not used
1 1 1 Not used
Test description
Input register guidelines
After a code is issued by the CPU, proper pump and valve commands should
be issued (executing the code action).
Refer to the flow chart in Figure 4 as an aid in understanding the system
interactions with the safety card.
Haemonetics® Cell Saver® 5/5+ Service Manual P/N SM-CS5-01-EN, Manual revision: AB
30 Principles of operation
There are two basic phases of operation to consider for the safety card: the test
phase and application phase.
Test Phase
Application Phase
Power On Reset
Test Entry Code
Timing Verification
Relay Testing
Beeper Check
State Fault Test
Recovery Path
Application Entry Code
Watchdog, 5V Supply Pumps and
Clamps Continuously Monitored
Pause
Standby
Conc
Pump Relay
Deenergized
During Pause Interlocks May Be Tested.
**
Figure 4, Safety card test-flow diagram
**
Clear Test Checklist
*
Normal
Operation
Standby Code
Check Interlocks
*
Test Checklist
*
Sequence Tests
Allowed
WashFill
Return
“Load
*
Disposable”
Test phase
The sequence starting point is defined by entry into the test phase. This phase
is entered whenever the safety card receives a start code.
There are two ways that can happen:
At power-up, the start code is obtained by default via the bus reset signal.
During operation by direct CPU input of this code — used before initiating
a new procedure.
During this phase, the complete end-to-end testing of the safety card is
accomplished by the CPU outputting state codes and exercising sensor testlines, then verifying the pump relay response and the safety card’s output
register data.
The key differences in functionality between test and application phases are:
P/N SM-CS5-01-EN, Manual revision: AB Haemonetics® Cell Saver® 5/5+ Service Manual
Loading…
Haemonetics Cell Saver 5+ Medical Equipment PDF User Guides and Manuals for Free Download: Found (2) Manuals for Haemonetics Cell Saver 5+ Device Model (Operator’s Manual, Operation Manual)
The Haemonetics Cell Saver 5+ is a sophisticated device designed to optimize the process of autologous blood recovery in surgical settings. With its advanced technology and user-friendly interface, this product has steadily gained recognition among healthcare professionals for its efficiency and versatility. In this review, we’ll explore various aspects of the Cell Saver 5+, including its features, benefits, and potential drawbacks.
One of the standout features of the Haemonetics Cell Saver 5+ is its ability to rapidly process and concentrate salvaged blood. This system employs a closed-loop technology that minimizes the risk of contamination, ensuring high-quality blood products can be delivered back to the patient. The benefits of this technology include:
- Improved Efficacy: The Cell Saver 5+ effectively separates red blood cells from plasma and other components, yielding a higher volume of concentrated blood cells.
- User-Friendly Interface: Its intuitive touchscreen interface simplifies operation, making it easier for medical personnel to navigate through the various settings and options.
- Compact Design: The design is practical and space-efficient, making it suitable for various surgical environments.
In addition to its innovative technology, the Haemonetics Cell Saver 5+ boasts several noteworthy operational advantages. The device is equipped with a robust filtration system that enhances the quality of the blood product collected. This filtration plays a vital role in ensuring that the re-infused blood is as safe and effective as possible. Moreover, the device operates quietly, which is a crucial factor in maintaining a calm surgical atmosphere.
Another impressive aspect is the versatility of the Cell Saver 5+. It can be utilized in various surgical procedures, including orthopedic, cardiac, and trauma surgeries. This flexibility allows hospitals to optimize their blood management strategies across departments, reducing reliance on donor blood and minimizing the associated risks.
Despite its many advantages, some users have noted a few challenges when using the Haemonetics Cell Saver 5+. These may include:
- Initial Cost: The upfront cost of acquiring the Cell Saver 5+ can be considerable, which may be a barrier for some healthcare facilities.
- Training Requirements: While the interface is user-friendly, proper training is essential to ensure that all staff members can operate the device efficiently under high-pressure conditions.
Overall, the Haemonetics Cell Saver 5+ represents a significant advancement in blood conservation technology. Its blend of efficiency, reliability, and ease of use makes it a valuable addition to any surgical practice. As hospitals and surgical centers continue to prioritize patient safety and resource management, the role of innovative devices like the Cell Saver 5+ will be paramount in optimizing care quality.
The combination of high performance and adaptability makes the Haemonetics Cell Saver 5+ an intelligent investment for healthcare providers looking to enhance their surgical outcomes and patient recovery processes. Future developments and ongoing research may further refine this technology, ensuring it remains at the forefront of autologous blood recovery systems.
FAQ: Types of Manuals and Their Contents
Haemonetics Cell Saver 5+ Manuals come in various types, each serving a specific purpose to help users effectively operate and maintain their devices. Here are the common types of Haemonetics Cell Saver 5+ User Guides and the information they typically include:
- User Manuals: Provide comprehensive instructions on how to use the device, including setup, features, and operation. They often include troubleshooting tips, safety information, and maintenance guidelines.
- Service Instructions: Designed for technicians and repair professionals, these manuals offer detailed information on diagnosing and repairing issues with the device. They include schematics, parts lists, and step-by-step repair procedures.
- Installation Guides: Focus on the installation process of the device, providing detailed instructions and diagrams for proper setup. They are essential for ensuring the device is installed correctly and safely.
- Maintenance Manuals: Provide guidance on routine maintenance tasks to keep the device in optimal condition. They cover cleaning procedures, part replacements, and regular servicing tips.
- Quick Start Guides: Offer a concise overview of the essential steps needed to get the device up and running quickly. They are ideal for users who need immediate assistance with basic setup and operation.
Each type of Haemonetics Cell Saver 5+ instruction is designed to address specific needs, ensuring users have the necessary information to use, maintain, and repair their devices effectively.
Related Instructions for Haemonetics Cell Saver 5+:
1
Cell Saver Elite
220
191
37
3
Cell Saver Elite
User manual addendum #87K5BC: Cell Saver Elite Medical Equipment User manual addendum
20
417
105
4
Cell Saver 5+
154
1230
246
5
MCS+
Operation manual PDF Manual (@NS86XW), Haemonetics MCS+ Medical Equipment (19.11.2024)
110
894
144
7
Cell Saver 5+
Operation manual Guide: Haemonetics Cell Saver 5+ (9816U7, Upd.25th Mar 2025)
154
305
58
8
Cell Saver
Manual Haemonetics Medical Equipment Manual (File: haemonetics-cell-saver-manual-34, 02.11.2024)
34
1085
239
Medical Equipment Devices by Other Brands:
|
Abiomed Impella RP Instructions For Use & Clinical Reference Manual #5IHIA7: Impella RP Medical Equipment Instructions for use & clinical reference manual Impella 27 Oct 2024 | 97 |
|
|
Otto Bock 3C96-1 User Manual Manual #ABNW4T: 3C96-1 Medical Equipment User manual manual C-Leg compact Prosthetic System 20 Apr 2025 | 88 |
|
|
Otto Bock 50P13 Manu Sensa User Manual Manual Guide: Otto Bock 50P13 Manu Sensa (P9SWL3, Upd.Sun 02.2025) Gebrauchsanweisung …………………………………………………. 23 Feb 2025 | 92 |
|
|
Coaguchek XS Pro Quick Reference Manual Manual: Coaguchek XS Pro (9D1R86, Upd.Thursday 19-12-2024) Gather the following items: 19 Dec 2024 | 2 |
Categories:
Medical Equipment
Laboratory Equipment
Журнал фундаментальной медицины и биологии обмен опытом
УДК 615.47:617-089:615.38
Н.В. Куцеволова, Ю.Э. Махно, Н.В. Волкова, Е.В. Василяускене, Н.В. Наклонная, А.С. Аношин, И.В. Андронова, М.А. Санченко, А.А. Пога, Н.В. Кориновская, А.С. Павловский, А.Е. Кукленко, Т.С. Белицкая, Е.В. Лепихов
ТЕХНОЛОГИИ КРОВЕСБЕРЕЖЕНИЯ: ОПЫТ ПРИМЕНЕНИЯ АППАРАТА CELL SAVER 5+ (HAEMONETICS) США
Клиническая больница №1 Южного окружного медицинского центра Федерального медико-биологического агентства России, Отделение анестезиологии и реанимации
В статье обсуждается необходимость аппаратной реинфузии крови как одной из технологий кровесбережения. Указаны основные преимущества и недостатки в работе аппарата Sell Saver 5+ (Haemonetics) при выполнении различных хирургических вмешательств.
Ключевые слова: интраоперационная аппаратная реинфузия эритроцитов, кровесбережение.
N.V. Kutsevolova, Yu.E. Makhno, N.V. Volkova, E.V. Vasilyauskene, N.V. Naklonnaya, A.S. Anoshin, I.V. Andronova, M.A. Sanchenko, A.A. Poga, N.V. Korinovskaya, A.S. Pavlovskiy, A.E. Kuklenko, T.S. Belitskaya, E.V. Lepikhov
BLOOD-SAVING TECHNOLOGIES: EXPERIENCES WITH THE CELL SAVER 5+ (HAEMONETICS) USA
Anaesthesiology and Reanimation department, Clinical Hospital № 1 of Russian Federally funded public health service «Southern federal district medical center of Federal Medical and Biological Agency»
The article is aimed at discussing the necessity of electronic blood transfusion as one of blood-saving techniques. the article denotes main advantages and disadvantages of cell saver 5+ (haemonetics) during different kinds of surgical treatment.
Key words: intraoperative electronic erythrocyte reinfusion, blood-saving techniques.
Журнал фундаментальной медицины и биологии
обмен опытом
Развитие гемотрансфузии во всем мире сопровождалось многочисленными взлетами и падениями — от обожествления этого метода до его государственного запрета [1].
Сегодня уже не вызывает сомнений тот факт, что гемотрансфузия всегда несет в себе множество опасностей для жизни больного. Перенос микст-инфекций, гемолитические трансфузионные реакции, угнетение гуморального и клеточного звеньев иммунитета, аллоиммунизация, рефрактерность — те главные факторы, которые заставляют взвешенно подходить к каждой инфузии крови. Поэтому показания к переливанию компонентов крови сокращены приказом Минздрава РФ № 363 от 25.11.02 «Об утверждении Инструкции по применению компонентов крови».
Для того, чтобы сократить использование продуктов гомологичной крови, необходим комплексный подход к вопросу о кровесбережении у пациента [1,2]:
— выявление и устранение факторов риска, приводящих к гемотрансфузии,
— тщательное планирование хирургического вмешательства и расчет планируемой кровопотери,
— заготовка аутокрови больного,
— применение медикаментозных средств, способствующих сбережению крови больного,
— управляемая интраоперационная гемодилю-ция,
— адекватная анестезия,
— реинфузия операционной крови,
— современные хирургические технологии,
— реинфузия «дренажной» крови (срок сбора и гемотрансфузии не более 6 часов) [3-6].
В настоящей работе мы хотели бы остановиться на методе интраоперационной аппаратной реин-
Учитывая, что Клиническая больница № 1 оказывает в основном плановую хирургическую помощь, 57 ИАРЭ было выполнено при плановых оперативных вмешательствах, а в 5 случаях решение об использовании аппарата было принято по экстренным показаниям (табл. 2). Чаще всего потребность в использовании метода ИАРЭ возникала у пациентов отделения сосудистой хирургии,
фузии собственных эритроцитов пациента (далее ИАРЭ). В 2009 году отделение анестезиологии и реанимации КБ № 1 ФМБА ЮОМЦ России было оснащено аппаратом Cell Saver 5+ фирмы Haemonetics США.
Аппараты типа Cell Saver были созданы еще в 70-х годах прошлого столетия. Они ознаменовали качественно новый этап в развитии трансфузиоло-гии. «Cell Saver» (в переводе с английского «клеточный спасатель») позволяет собирать кровь пациента, излившуюся в рану или дренажи, очищать, фильтровать и направлять ее обратно в кровоток, сохраняя форменные элементы неповрежденными. Основоположником «реинфузиологии» является английский физиолог и акушер James Blundell, опубликовавший в 1816 г. результаты экспериментов на собаках, в которых он забирал кровь у животных, а затем возвращал ее им с помощью шприца. Первую клиническую реинфузию аутокрови произвели немецкие хирурги Fredrich von Esmarch и его ассистент Ferdinand Peterson 18 ноября 1871 г в ходе экзартикулляции бедра у 46 -летнего больного с остеосаркомой. Особого упоминания заслуживают два американских нейрохирурга Loyal E.Davis и Hasvey Cushing (1923 гг), которые не только провели реинфузию, но и технически усовершенствовали метод: создали специальный отсос с емкостью для сбора раневой крови и впервые использовали цитрат натрия для стабилизации крови [7].
В стационаре КБ № 1 ФМБА ЮОМЦ России за период с 2009 по 2012 год было выполнено 62 операции с проведением интраоперационной аппаратной реинфузии эритроцитов (ИАРЭ) аппаратом Cell Saver 5+ фирмы Haemonetics США (табл.1). Это составило 0,5% от всего объема хирургических вмешательств в КБ № 1 за данный период.
что коррелирует с характером проводимых оперативных вмешательств.
Общее число операций, проводимых с ИАРЭ в Клинической больнице №1 меньше, чем изначально планируется. Это связано с ростом уровня оказания хирургической помощи, в том числе за счёт совершенствования хирургических технологий, приобретения новой аппаратуры и технических средств в КБ №1 ФМБА ЮОМЦ России.
Таблица 1
Число операций, проводимых с использованием ИАРЭ
Отделение 2009 2010 2011 2012 Всего в отделении
Сосудистой хирургии ó 10 13 20 49
Урологии 1 — 1 2 4
Хирургии 2 1 2 2 7
Травматологии и ортопедии — 1 1 — 2
Всего за год 9 12 17 24 62
Журнал фундаментальной медицины и биологии
Число операций, требовавших применения ИАРЭ
обмен опытом Таблица 2
Отделение 2009 2010 2011 2012
план выпол. план выпол. план выпол. план выпол.
Сосудистой хирургии 20 6 40 10 46 13 65 20
Урологии 10 1 15 — 15 1 20 2
Хирургии 10 1 15 1 19 2 25 3
Травматологии и ортопедии 20 — 30 1 40 1 45 —
Всего 60 8 100 12 120 17 130 25
Мы включаем в протокол анестезии ИАРЭ в следующих случаях:
• если, по данным статистических исследований, в переливании крови нуждаются более 10% больных, подвергающихся данному виду хирургического вмешательства,
• если ожидаемая при операции кровопотеря может составить 20 и более процентов от рассчитанного ОЦК пациента,
• если планируемый объем переливания крови во время операции может превышать одну дозу заготовленной донорской эритро-цитной массы,
• если пациент отказывается от переливания компонентов крови.
Аппарат имеет несколько режимов обработки крови, что значительно помогает в работе. Есть ручной (Manual) и автоматический (Auto) режимы работы. Автоматический режим может быть: стандартным (Normal), ортопедическим (Orthopedic) и малообъемным (Low Volume). «Стандартный» режим может быть запрограммирован на 1-2-3 цикла отмывания. «Ортопедический» предусматривает
возможность менять объемы моющего раствора и скорость насоса. «Малообъемный» режим используется в сочетании с меньшим по объему колоколом центрифуги в случаях, когда не предвидится большой кровопотери. Преимуществом данных систем можно считать и возможность контроля процесса оператором. Такая возможность дается режимом Return (возврат), когда оператор может повторить цикл отмывания до оптимального результата. Особенно это помогает, когда есть подозрение, что в рану попали нежелательные включения.
Так как не всегда в ходе операции возникали угрожаемые кровотечения, мы в первую очередь подготавливали аппарат Cell Saver 5+ к работе, не вскрывая стерильные детали. Соединение центрифуги и систем для отмывания эритроцитов проводилось в случае необходимости и занимало не более 3-5 минут, так как конструкция системы трубок и аферезного колокола не допускает возможности ошибочной установки. Аппарат позволяет осуществлять высокоскоростную обработку крови (800 мл/мин) в автоматическом режиме (рис. 1).
Рис. 1. Аппарат Cell Saver 5+ в работе.
обмен опытом
Журнал фундаментальной медицины и биологии
Как показывает наш опыт, такая тактика не увеличивает кровопотерю, не ухудшает общее состояние пациента, не приводит к гемодинамической катастрофе, не замедляет ход оперативного вмешательства, не требует дополнительного персонала, но и сохраняет дорогостоящие расходные материалы в случае, когда не возникает необходимости в реинфузии.
Работа на аппарате ведется в соответствии с инструкцией. В процессе операции аутокровь пациентов эксфузировалась из операционной раны и подвергалась обработке в центрифуге объемом от 225 до 400 мл со скоростью 800 мл/мин, и непрерывно возвращалась им в виде отмытых эритроцитов с гематокритом 60-65% внутривенно. Производительность аппарата оказывалась достаточной для срочного возврата аутокрови пациентам.
В основе механизма сепарации лежит отличие плотности эритроцитов от плотности лейкоцитов, тромбоцитов, плазмы и различных примесей. При центрифугировании менее плотные субстанции всплывают и удаляются через специальную систему в мешок для отходов [7].
Применение данного метода сбережения крови позволило вернуть пациентам около 34 110 мл отмытых эритроцитов, что в среднем на каждого пациента составило 500+70 мл. Осложнений после использования обработанной аутокрови отмечено не было.
Таким образом, обобщая опыт применения данного аппарата, хочется отметить его основные преимущества:
1. дают возможность легко и быстро организовать безопасную реинфузию крови пациента;
2. в плановой хирургии для подготовки больного к процедуре аппаратной реинфузии крови не требуется дополнительное время;
3. использование данной методики не влияет на время проведения операции;
4. аппарат быстро и просто собирается, поэтому незаменим в экстренных ситуациях;
5. обеспечивает возможность выполнения обширных операций с ожидаемой умеренной и массивной кровопотерей даже при отсутствии донорских компонентов крови;
6. нет риска несовместимости, не нужно проводить дополнительные исследования;
7. нет необходимости в выделении персонала для обслуживания аппарата, так как процесс максимально автоматизирован;
8. использование аппаратов типа Cell Saver устраняет ряд медицинских, этических и юридических проблем (отказ больного от переливания компонентов донорской крови, риск, связанный с переносом инфекции и иммунологическими реакциями);
9. данные аппараты имеют широкий спектр использования для проведения острой нор-моволемической гемодилюции, аппаратной реинфузии отмытой эритроцитной взвеси и предоперационной заготовки компонентов крови (эритроцитной массы и плазмы);
10. использование в современной аппаратуре датчиков пузырьков воздуха (которые приостанавливают отмывку при их обнаружении) снижает вероятность воздушной эмболии [8].
Нельзя не отметить и недостатки. Это:
1. высокая стоимость самого аппарата и расходных материалов к нему;
2. интраоперационная очистка и возврат эритроцитов, в то время как плазма вместе с тромбоцитами, лейкоцитами и прочими примесями уходит в отходы.
Выводы:
1. Полученные нами данные свидетельствуют о том, что применение реинфузии аутоэритроци-тов при помощи аппарата Cell Saver 5+ является безопасным, быстрым и надежным способом коррекции кровопотери. Данный метод позволяет осуществлять быструю и качественную реинфузию ау-тоэритроцитов с высоким гематокритом и низким числом лейкоцитов.
2. К сожалению, стоимость самого аппарата и его расходных материалов остается достаточно высокой, что пока ограничивает широкое применение данной методики. Но мы надеемся, что в скором времени подобные методики войдут в перечень стандартов оказания медицинской помощи и ознаменуют новую эру лечения пациентов без применения препаратов крови.
ЛИТЕРАТУРА
1. Практическая трансфузиология./ под ред. Т.И. Козинца. -М., 2005.
2. Гринберг Б.А. О возможности реинфузии контаминирован-ной крови // Журнал Вестник Российского университета дружбы народов. 2005. №3. С.112-115.
3. Дорожко И.Г., Буачидзе О.Ш., Волошин В.П. и др. Особенности интраоперационной аппаратной реинфузии крови при эндопротезировании тазобедренного сустава // Всероссийская научно-практическая конференция: Современные технологии в травматологии и ортопедии: Сб. тезисов. -М.,2005. — С. 125-126.
4. Аржакова Н.И., Голубев В.Г. Применение дренажной крови при реконструктивных операциях на крупных суставах у больных пожилого возраста// Журнал Анналы хирургии. 2005. — №2. — С.64-69.
5. Аржакова Н.И., Миронов Н.П. Особенности восполнения
кровопотери при реконструктивных операциях на крупных суставах. Реинфузия дренажной крови как один из компонентов современных кровосберегающих технологий (современное состояние вопроса)// ЖурналВестник интенсивной терапии. 2007. №3. С.14-21.
6. Миронов Н.П., Аржакова Н.И., Голубев В.Г., Кулинич Л.И., Бернакевич А.И. Динамика уровня промедиаторов воспаления при реинфузии дренажной крови после тотального эн-допротезирования крупных суставов в раннем послеоперационном периоде // Журнал Вестник интенсивной терапии. 2007. №4. С.34-38.
7. Назырова Л.А. Кровосберегающие технологии. http//dd. Medicalexpress (Дата обращения: 28.12.2013).
8. Обеспечение безопасности пациенток в акушерской практике: выбор метода гемотрансфузии . http://www.zdrav.ru/ article (Дата обращения: 28.12.2013)..